Beware of Creepy Crawlers - How to Prevent & Control



Posted: Monday, October 20, 2008

by Fran Phalin
ABC Pest & Lawn

While you may be ready to pull out your bags of candy and chocolate for those neighborhood trick-or-treaters, there is something else that you should be ready to deal with in this month of more than just friendly ghouls and goblins.

October brings with it not just a fun holiday, but also some unpleasant bugs that may invade your home. The pests we will focus on this month all have in common their tendency to bite humans and even draw blood. The four pests of October to look out for include: bed bugs , mosquitos , ticks , and fleas .

Bed Bugs

Bed bugs feed on mostly human blood, by puncturing the skin with their elongated beaks. While their bites can be a rude awakening in the middle of the night, it has never been proven that bed bugs actually carry disease-causing pathogens, at least in the United States.

Bed bugs spread through clothing and baggage of travelers and through secondhand beds, bedding, furniture and laundry. Experts believe that the cause for the rise in bed bugs are due to an increase in global travel and mobility, the banning of DDT along with reduced use of urban pesticides. In fact, about a year ago, a wide-scale bedbug epidemic enveloped New York City. While the bed bug threat is not a red flag in Texas, homeowners should employ control methods to keep them from hiding in mattresses, clothing, and/or other bedding.

Control Bed Bugs

First, you must know where the bed bugs are hiding in order to remove them. Once you know where they are, improve sanitation by vacuuming or removing the bugs by hand. Depending on your situation, you may need to treat the infested area with an insecticide approved for this use and specifically for bed bug control. Spray or dust bed slats, springs, frame, and other hiding places in the room. Do not use any insecticide on a mattress unless the product label specifically gives directions for this use.

It is impossible to cover all bed bug hiding places, so control is not immediate. You may see living bugs for a week to ten days after application. After this timeframe, you can apply a second treatment to kill the newly hatching bugs. The pesticides used for bed bug control have a short residual life, and so this second application is always needed.

Some additional prevention/control methods include:

If your bed bug situation is serious and will not be solved by do-it-yourself methods, please contact a professional to assist you.

Mosquitoes

While bed bugs do not carry diseases, mosquitos are a whole other story. Besides the annoyance factor, mosquitoes can also transmit many disease-causing organisms to humans and animals. They spread such diseases as West Nile virus, encephalitis, dengue, yellow fever, malaria and filariasis. Mosquitoes are also responsible for transmitting heartworm in dogs.

Mosquito Control

The Texas Cooperative Extension provides many ways to prevent mosquitos from invading your home and biting you and your family:

Eliminate breeding sites for larvae

Reduce adult mosquito populations Avoid contact with mosquitoes Ticks

Ticks can be found on both humans and dogs. In urban areas, the most common tick is the brown dog tick. Dogs can become seriously infested with ticks to the point where it can be fatal, due to heavy blood loss. Ticks usually feed on more than one host during their lives, thus, they are able to transmit diseases to both humans and animals. Some transmitted diseases can be similar to the flu while others result in rashes, fever, or joint stiffness. If you experience any abnormal rash or illness after being bitten by a tick, the best thing to do would be to seek a doctor for treatment.

Ticks can cause many ailments. Some of them include: itching and inflammation of the skin, swelling around the bite, infections, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia (a disease that affects the lymph nodes and causes fever), and lyme disease-a disease that can cause arthritis and nervous disorders.

Cattle pastures, brushy areas and the edges of forests and fields are the best places for ticks. Ticks stick themselves to your skin when they bite. Using hot matches or grease will not remove ticks from your skin and can even increase the risk of infection. Instead, to remove ticks, grasp the tick as close to the head as possible with tweezers. Remove it with a firm, slow pull without twisting. Do not touch it or crush it with your bare hands because you may pick up germs or be at risk for infection. Apply an antiseptic to the skin after removing the tick. You can follow the same steps to remove ticks from a pet.

Tick Control

Protect yourself and your pets from tick bites by following some of the control methods the Texas Cooperative suggests:

Fleas

The last of the four blood suckers is the tiny and wingless flea. While small and almost microscopic, fleas ironically cost Americans almost $9 billion a year to control them. In Texas, the most common flea problems are caused by the cat flea, which feeds on cats, dogs, and wildlife. This particular type of flea does not normally live on humans, but do bite people who come in close contact with infested animals.

Flea bites cause small, red, itchy bumps, usually on the ankles and lower legs. People with allergies to flea bites suffer from hives, rashes or generalized itching. Allergic reactions usually appear 12 to 24 hours after a bite, and may last a week or more.

Fleas that have fed on rodents may transmit diseases, including plague and murine typhus. Proect yourself from these diseases by avoiding close contact with wild rodents such as squirrels, rats, and prairie dogs. On the other hand, cat fleas do not carry plague.

Flea Control

The Texas Cooperative suggests keying in to an integrated flea control program to prevent and eliminate fleas from the home.

Sanitation: Change pet bedding regularly and vacuum thoroughly. Vacuuming removes up to 30 percent of the larvae and up to 60 percent of flea eggs from a carpet, as well as the larvae's food supply of dried blood. Vacuum under furniture, cushions, chairs, beds, and along walls. Discard vacuum cleaner bags at least once a week. Fleas can continue to develop inside vacuum cleaner bags and re-infest the house.

Treating Pets: Your pet's first line of defense against fleas is a flea comb and a good bath. Soap acts as a gentle insecticide and helps control light infestations on your pet. Though time consuming, combing helps reduce the need for insecticides. Flea combs have fine teeth that remove adult fleas from fur. Most dogs and cats seem to enjoy this treatment - pay special attention to the face and neck, and the area in front of the tail. Dip the comb frequently in soapy water or an alcohol solution to kill fleas removed from the pet. Insect growth regulators, or IGRs, are a safe preventative treatment for fleas. Spot-on treatments (pesticides applied to one or more spots on the animal's back) control adult fleas effectively. Natural oils on the fur also help transfer the pesticide to all parts of the pet's body.

Got Fleas, but No Pets?

Just because your home doesn't have pets does not mean that you are 100% safe from fleas. Homes can become infested with fleas when no pets are present. Wild animals such as bats, roof rats, squirrels, raccoons, and wild dogs and cats around the home, especially if you live in a highly wooded and forested area, may be the source of an infestation.

Call a pest control professional to seal off any openings that wildlife and rodents may use to enter your home.

While October may be a month of Halloween and fun festivities, make sure you know how to control bed bugs, mosquitos, ticks, and fleas, before they control your home, family, and pets!

About the Author:


Fran Phalin is a freelance editor and writer specializing in home improvement topics. She is based in Austin, TX.

For professional pest control assistance, please contact Anteater Pest and Lawn. Visit them at www.goanteater.com. Anteater covers ALL crawling pests!

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